The survival of polar bears in warmer temperatures is a critical question for conservation biology. These apex predators are highly specialized for life in the Arctic, with adaptations like thick blubber and specialized fur for insulation in icy waters. A shift towards warmer climates poses a significant challenge to their physiological limits and hunting strategies, which are intricately linked to sea ice.
Understanding the impact of rising temperatures on this vulnerable species is crucial for developing effective conservation strategies. The Arctic is experiencing warming at a rate significantly faster than the global average, leading to rapid sea ice decline. This loss of habitat affects the bears’ ability to hunt seals, their primary food source, and can force them to swim longer distances, expend more energy, and spend more time on land where food is scarce. Historically, polar bear distribution has been closely tied to sea ice extent, highlighting the importance of this habitat for their survival.