Preventing collisions at sea relies on the principle of shared responsibility and adherence to established navigation rules. Every vessel operator is obligated to take all necessary precautions to avoid a collision, regardless of vessel size or type. This includes maintaining a proper lookout by sight and hearing, operating at a safe speed, taking early and substantial action to avoid a collision, and understanding and following the “rules of the road” as outlined in the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs, also known as the Rules of the Road). For example, a sailboat under sail has the right of way over a powerboat in most circumstances, but both vessels’ operators are still responsible for taking action to avoid a collision.
Collision avoidance is paramount for safety of life at sea and the protection of property and the environment. A collision can result in loss of life, injuries, significant financial burdens due to vessel damage and potential environmental pollution. The COLREGs, developed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO), provide a framework for safe navigation and collision avoidance, contributing significantly to reducing maritime accidents. These rules have evolved over time, reflecting advancements in vessel technology and a growing understanding of human factors in maritime accidents.
