When temperatures drop, the air inside tires contracts, leading to a decrease in the measured pressure. For example, a temperature decrease of 10 degrees Fahrenheit can result in a pressure reduction of approximately 1-2 pounds per square inch (psi). This phenomenon is a direct consequence of the ideal gas law, which describes the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature.
Maintaining correct inflation is crucial for vehicle safety and performance. Underinflation affects handling, increases fuel consumption, and accelerates tire wear. Historically, understanding this relationship between temperature and pressure has become increasingly important with the widespread adoption of pneumatic tires and the expansion of vehicle use in diverse climates. Accurate pressure maintenance mitigates these risks and ensures optimal tire lifespan and vehicle efficiency.