The suffix “-en” appended to a word serves a variety of grammatical functions in English. It can create verbs, such as “strengthen” or “awaken,” from adjectives or nouns. It can also form the plural of certain nouns like “oxen” and “children,” although this usage is less common in modern English. Additionally, it can form past participles, as seen in verbs like “broken” and “taken.” Examples of adjectives formed with “-en” include “wooden” and “golden.” This morphological element significantly contributes to the richness and flexibility of the language.
Understanding the roles of this suffix is essential for accurate comprehension and effective communication. Recognizing its function as a verb-forming element allows one to discern nuances in meaning, like the causative implication of “strengthen” (to make strong). Its use in forming past participles is fundamental to constructing various tenses and grammatical structures. The historical usage in pluralization, while archaic in many cases, provides insights into the evolution of the language. This knowledge contributes to a more nuanced appreciation of etymology and language development.
